The authors try to establish a concept of "disequilibrium of inter-generational interests" in the field of employment and to explore possibilities to coordinate them. The main empirical findings are : 1) there is no empirical evidence that employment security of the elderly is creating more unemployment of the youth in Japan during the 1990s, 2) the "opportunity cost" of bearing children in Japan is extraordinarily high among the developed countries. 3) shortening of working hours may contribute to improvement of the division of labor within the family and to improve the rate of birth, 4) facilitating movement of the highly skilled via "regional integration" may reduce risks of "brain drain", avoid mass-immigration and facilitate coordination of inter-generational interests.
